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Toyota Vios to be launched in Pakistan by 2018

With anticipation rising about the expected launch of 2018 Toyota Vios in Pakistan, the petrol heads are eagerly awaiting any information about this exciting new vehicle. Vios is a family sedan by Toyota, which the companyplans to launch in Pakistan in 2018. Toyota has been a famous car brand in the automotive market of Pakistan with some well-established nameplates already ruling the hearts of car enthusiasts. Toyota Vios is available in the car markets of Malaysia, Philippines, India and others where it is one of the most sought-after Toyota Vehicles. The launch of Toyota Vios can prove to be a big breakthrough for the famous car brand as it will fall in the segment of the midsize semi-luxury sedan and give a tough competition to the likes of Honda City and Suzuki Ciaz.
Let’s review the all-new Toyota Vios and have a look at its features, specification and technologies in detail:

Design Language of the 2018 Toyota Vios
The design language of Toyota Vios is based on a sharp and elegant design complemented by contemporary sedan looks. The exterior of the sedan is welcoming and delightful while it’s interior and purposefully built to deliver an exceptional driving experience to the driver and passengers.

Exterior
The sharp and stunning exterior of Toyota Vios can give an adrenaline rush to the onlookers when the vehicle is one the move and even when it is standing still.It boasts a long and distinctive hood that depicts sheer style and class. A recognizable front grille blends in with the bright and wide Xenon headlights while the Toyota badge at the center is the highlight of the exterior. The edges and fine lines flow throughout the bodyand make the Toyota Vios a true delight for car enthusiasts.
The carefully crafted curves define the design language of the Vios. It looks sleek and stylish from the front-endand the rear end of the vehicle demonstrates excellencewith state-of-the-art taillights and fog lamps. Toyota Vios is available in the worldwide car markets in 12 different exterior colors. These colors are Freedom White, White Pearl, Gray Metallic, Black, Red Mica Metallic, Blue Mica Metallic, Orange Metallic, Dark Brown Mica Metallic, Alumina Jade Metallic, Blackish Red Mica and Thermalyte.

Interior
The interior of the Toyota Vios is laced with a wide variety of modern day amenities for maximum comfort and convenience of the occupants of the car. The interior is spacious and can easily accommodate 5 passengers which makes it a true family sedan. There are a plenty of entertainment options available for ultimate fun and high-qualityleather seatsjust take the comfort of the Vios to an entirely different level. Some of the delightful in-cabin features of the Toyota Vios include a 7-inch display screen with touch interface, 4 speakers and Bluetooth connectivity. There is also a MirrorLink System that allows you to transfer the media from your phone to the touchscreen of the car for enhanced fun and pleasure.

Engine Options
Toyota Vios features the segment’s finest engine lineup with a variety of engine options available that can be selected as per the choice of buyers. The four engine variants that are available in theglobal car markets are 1.3 Base, 1.3 J, 1.3 E and 1.5 G. However, Toyota Vios is expected to be launched in Pakistan in just one engine option. It will be a 1.3-Litre DOHC 16 Valve engine with Dual VVT-I technology. It will produce 98 horsepower and a torque of 123Nm. The highlight of all the engine variants of Toyota Vios is their fuel efficiency. The 1.3-Litre engine variant is expected to deliver a fuel average of 14-16 Km/L.

Safety Features and Driver-Assistance Systems
There are plenty of safety features and driver-assistance technologies that make the Toyota Vios a safe vehicle to travel. It takes care of the safety of passengers which augments the family car appeal of the vehicle.

Listed below are the safety features and driver-assistance technologies available in the all-new Toyota Vios:
• 6 Airbags for Driver and Passengers
• Cruise Control
• Brake Assist
• Anti-lock Braking System with Electronic Brake Distribution
These advanced car safety technologies help to avoid a dangerous road accident and can also provide protection from fatal injuries in event of an accident.

Price and Launch Date of Toyota Vios in Pakistan
The Indus Motors, which is the official distributor of Toyota vehicles in Pakistan hasn’t announced any launch date for Toyota Vios yet but it is expected to hit the car markets in December 2018 as per the speculations going around. The expected price of Toyota Vios in Pakistan is PK 1,750,000.

by Syed Sarim Raza for Automark Magazine printed edition of December-2017

 

Chinese truck maker rides electric boom

FAW Jiefang Automotive Co. Ltd., an established Chinese truck manufacturer, has opened its first production base for electric trucks.
The base in the eastern coastal city of Qingdao is expected to produce 50,000 full electric trucks each year, according to the company, a subsidiary of China’s leading auto maker FAW Group.

The company has developed light, medium and heavy new energy trucks, said Hu Hanjie, general manager of FAW Jiefang.
New energy vehicles, including all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, have seen explosive growth in China.
Statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology showed that 517,000 new energy vehicles, including full electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids, were manufactured and 490,000 were sold between January and October, both up more than 45 percent year on year.
Since the first Jiefang truck was manufactured in 1956, the brand has sold more than 6.6 million trucks and exported to 80 countries and regions.
In 2016, the company sold 202,000 trucks, 185,000 of which were medium and heavy vehicles, holding the biggest market share in China at 19.25 percent. Its output this year has exceeded 300,000, the company announced Thursday.
In addition to the electric push, Jiefang will also focus on research for self-driving trucks in coming years.

China FAW, Dongfeng Automobile and Changan auto sign strategic cooperation agreement

China’s FAW, Dongfeng Motor and Changan automobile have opened a new chapter of cooperation, which helps Chinese auto companies to seize the strategic commanding heights and help Chinese car brands to become louder, stronger and better

China’s FAW Group, Dongfeng Motor and Chongqing Changan Automobile at the end of last week signed a broad based collaboration agreement aimed at improving efficiency, sharing costs and targeting future growth

Three major central enterprises in the domestic automotive industry (FAW, Dongfeng and Changan) signed the strategic cooperation framework agreement. The three party will cooperate in the field of forward-looking technology innovation, full value chain operation, going out and new business mode.

China First Automobile Group Corporation (hereinafter referred to as the “China FAW”), Dongfeng Motor Group Co. Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Dongfeng Automobile”), Chongqing Changan automobile Limited by Share Ltd (hereinafter referred to as the “Changan car”) strategic cooperation framework agreement signing ceremony was held in Hubei, Wuhan.

According to the agreement, the three parties will be in prospective, generic technology innovation automotive value chain operation, combined to “go out” and new business models such as the four areas to carry out all-round cooperation, which marks the Chinese automobile industry “national team” to start the comprehensive cooperation, work together to promote the development of the auto market and Chinese Chinese car brand comprehensive strength.

China First Automobile Group Corporation chairman, party secretary Xu Liuping, China South Industries Group Corporation party secretary, chairman Xu Ping, Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Ltd. chairman, general manager, deputy secretary of the Party committee, deputy party secretary Li Shaozhu, deputy general manager of China South Industries Group Corporation, Chongqing Changan automobile Limited by Share Ltd chairman Zhang Baolin, China First Automobile Group Corporation, Dong Chunbo, Wang Guoqiang, Qin Huanming Qiu Xiandong, Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Cheng Daoran, Liu Weidong Wen Shuzhong, An Tiecheng, Chongqing, Changan automobile Limited by Share Ltd Steve Chow, Yuan Mingxue, Li Wei, Hua Dubiao attended the signing ceremony. Qin Huanming, Liu Weidong and Steve Chow signed the agreement on behalf of the three parties.

Four major areas in depth cooperation to create a new situation of win-win development. According to the strategic cooperation agreement, the first in the field of innovation forward common technology, set up three car enterprises will actively participate in the intelligent network of automobile national innovation center, Changan FAW, Dongfeng Automobile and automobile China co founded “prospective generic technology innovation center”. The three parties around the new energy, intelligence, network and light fields of strategic core technology platform for joint investment, development, and sharing technology.

secondly, in the field of vehicle full value chain operation, the three party will focus on strengthening the coordination of traditional vehicle platform and powertrain and other aspects, in the field of production and cooperation, and collaborative procurement, and deepen cooperation in the field of logistics.

Addition, in expanding overseas markets, the three parties will actively implement the national “The Belt and Road” initiative, to explore the depth of cooperation in overseas products, overseas terminal, cyber source overseas business partners, overseas manufacturing resources, international logistics etc..

All party will also explore new business models together, and strengthen the forward-looking research and cooperation of vehicle sharing, travel services and new eco environment of the automotive industry. We will explore synergy in the financial field and jointly plan for participating in smart city and intelligent transportation construction.
Practice the national strategy to promote the construction of automobile power
The nineteen report of put forward that we should speed up the construction of manufacturing power, accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing industry, cultivate world-class advanced manufacturing clusters, and create a world-class competitive enterprise with global competitiveness. This has provided an important follow for the construction of automobile enterprises and the bugle of the new era of China’s auto industry.

China FAW, Dongfeng Automobile and Changan automobile shoulder the important mission of building a powerful automotive country, and have strong demand for bigger and bigger businesses. Strengthening strategic interaction, deepening strategic cooperation, realizing the win-win development of vehicle enterprises and promoting the construction of auto power are three wishes of the vehicle companies, and the concrete actions to implement the nineteen spirit of the party.

After nearly twenty years of rapid development, the quality and competitiveness of Chinese automobile products has been greatly improved, and began to compete with foreign brands in a positive way. The rapid development of mobile Internet spawned cross-border integration, industrial integration of new ecology, the automobile industry is undergoing profound changes, the electric, intelligent, network sharing, lightweight, has become the new development direction of automobile industry chain. China’s FAW, Dongfeng Motor and Changan automobile have opened a new chapter of cooperation, which helps Chinese auto companies to seize the strategic commanding heights and help Chinese car brands to become louder, stronger and better.
To promote technological innovation, optimize the whole value chain operation, expand overseas market and explore new business models, is the most important vehicle development in the future, and also the key to accelerate the development of Chinese auto enterprises. China three car companies to deepen cooperation is necessary and timely to conform to the trend of economic globalization and market integration, optimize the industrial layout, with the development of advanced manufacturing industry policy is a new exploration of the implementation of “automobile industry long-term development plan”.

New website launched for Pakistani online store reviews

We came across a website that is dedicated for Pakistani online store reviews, such as daraz.pk, homeshopping.com and yayvo.com.

Here is the link to pkshop.club where you can find the latest reviews, I would suggest to check it out.

Suzuki Introduce Mega Carry EXTRA in Pakistan

With the growing competition, the companies have to release new models with high tech features to keep up in the race. Suzuki striving, with the focus on customer values to develop a product with multiple uses and superior value. Pak Suzuki proudly announces introduction of Suzuki Mega Carry Extra which is initially imported in CBU condition from Indonesia.
Salient Features of Mega Carry
Mega carry has a 1493cc Euro II latest technology powerful petrol engine which is super silent considering Euro Spec and reliable as well. It comes equipped with a wide loading deck 1670 X 2450mm and a pay load capacity of 750 kg with a three way loading deck making it very convenient. Multiple storage spaces and sun visor for the driver. Petrol tank capacity is 46 liters and has 14 inch steel tires.
Pricing and Release
Expected date of arrival is 13th, November 2017 with a retail price of 1,499,000/- excluding advance income tax.

The Horizon of world automobile industry will be totally changed by 2030

It appears the death of the internal combustion engine is finally happening. The only question now is ‘when’, not ‘if’.

Why has this moved so quickly from the possible to the inevitable? Because the question marks surrounding cost, range and charging have all now been answered. Battery costs are plummeting, and Bloomberg New Energy Finance predict that electric vehicles (EVs) will be cheaper than petrol cars by 2022. A Nissan Leaf can already receive a 80% charge in 30 minutes, and that will only improve. There are electric buses that have achieved 600 miles on a single charge. ‘Range anxiety’ will soon be a quaint historical term.

Americans bought more electric vehicles in September than any other month this year. According to Inside EV’s monthly sales report, 21,325 battery EVs and plug-in hybrid EVs found homes last month. That’s 20 percent more than this time last year and the second highest number ever. 2017 looks like it will be a record year; a total of 159,614 EVs were sold, a figure that should easily be eclipsed by the end of October.

BMW has already said it will electrify its entire range, as has Volvo. Volkswagen plans to introduce 20 new all-electric cars by 2020, with a manufacturing plan capable of building “2 to 3 million all-electric cars a year by 2025”. Norway and Holland have declared intentions to ban emissions-producing vehicles by 2025, and in October Germany’s Bundesrat passed a resolution to ban the internal combustion engine starting in 2030. India’s Road Minister also recently announced an ambition for the country to become a “100 percent electric nation” by 2030.

Britain’s plans match a similar pledge made this month by France, and are part of a growing global push to curb emissions and fight climate change by promoting electric cars. Carmakers are also adjusting, with Volvo notably saying recently that it would phase out the internal combustion engine in the coming years and BMW deciding to build an electric version of its popular Mini car in Britain.

Once customers have the right range and price, and they can charge at home so they never need to go to a petrol station again, why would they will buy a petrol car? In order to meet air quality targets, every city could go electric for public transport within the next ten years. For car companies it means the biggest disruption since the internal combustion engine itself. There will be a reshuffling of the pack in terms of winners and losers, but it’s a transition that’s definitely achievable. Infrastructure also needs to keep up with, or ideally stay ahead of, demand. The entire market for land transport will switch to electrification, leading to a collapse of oil prices and the demise of the petroleum industry as we have known it for a century.

Surprisingly the market leaders in electric car segments are having no long historical background of automobile industry. They are relatively new entrants in the world of automobiles. The BYD Auto from China is top selling plug in electric car manufacturers. It is also very amazing in the global history that China is leading this ultra high technological segment, American, European, and Japanese are runners up and behind China. The number one company in electric vehicles is BYD China and number two is Tesla U.S.A.

BYD Auto Co., Ltd. is a Chinese automobile manufacturer based in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, and a wholly owned subsidiary of BYD Company. It was founded in 2003, following BYD company’s acquisition of Tsinchuan Automobile Company in 2002. Its principal activity is the design, development, manufacture and distribution of passenger cars, buses, forklifts, rechargeable batteries and trucks sold under the BYD brand. It also has a 50:50 joint venture with Daimler AG, Shenzhen BYD Daimler New Technology Co., Ltd., which develops and manufactures luxury electric cars sold under the Denza brand.

BYD Auto sold a total of 506,189 passenger cars in China in 2013, making it the tenth-largest selling brand and the largest selling Chinese brand. In 2015, BYD Auto was the best selling global electric vehicle brand, ahead of Luxgen. For a second year running, BYD was the world’s top selling plug-in electric car manufacturer with over 100,000 units delivered in 2016. In October 2016, BYD Auto became the all-time largest global plug-in car manufacturer.

In 2008, BYD Auto began selling its first mass-produced, plug-in hybrid vehicle, the BYD F3DM. China subsidizes oil (an incentive for the State to encourage use and manufacture of electric cars), and Chinese automakers see opportunities in less mature electric vehicles because Western companies have yet to develop much of a lead in the technology. In late December 2008, Warren Buffett spent $230 million on the acquisition of a 10% stake in BYD Auto’s parent, BYD Company. In 2009, the company sold 448,400 cars in China, and two-thirds of sales were its BYD F3 model. In the same year, BYD began the export of its cars to Africa, South America, and the Middle East.

Some of its first all-electric vehicles were offered via fleet sales to government buyers in China. The BYD Qin plug-in hybrid, launched in the Chinese market in December 2013, ranked as the top selling plug-in electric car in China in 2014. The car also ranked seventh among the world’s top 10 best selling plug-in cars in 2014. In 2015, the Qin remained as the top selling passenger new energy vehicle in China. The BYD Qin was the world’s second best selling plug-in hybrid car in 2015 and also ranked fifth in 2015 among the world’s top selling plug-in electric cars. Three BYD Auto models topped the Chinese ranking of best-selling new energy passenger cars in 2016. The BYD Tang plug-in hybrid SUV was the top selling plug-in car with 31,405 units delivered, followed by the BYD Qin (21,868), and the BYD e6 (20,605). As of December 2016, the BYD Qin, with 68,655 units sold since its inception, remained the all-time top selling plug-in electric car in the country.

Cumulative sales of 250,000 plug-in cars since 2008, BYD ended 2015 as the world’s top selling manufacturer of highway legal light-duty plug-in electric vehicles, with 61,772 passenger vehicles sold, mostly plug-in hybrids. Accounting for heavy-duty vehicles, BYD total sales rises to 69,222 units. BYD continued as the world’s top selling plug-in car manufacturer in 2016 with over 100,000 units sold, up 64% from 2015. BYD sold more than 100,000 new energy passenger cars in China in 2016. The BYD Tang was the top selling plug-in car in China in 2016 with 31,405 units delivered.
The runner up in electric vehicles segment is Tesla, Inc. (formerly named Tesla Motors). The company was incorporated as Tesla Motors in July 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning who financed the company until the Series A round of funding. The founders were influenced to start the company after GM recalled and destroyed all of its EV1electric cars in 2003.

Tesla’s early primary goal was to commercialize electric vehicles, starting with a premium sports car aimed at early adopters and then moving as rapidly as possible into more mainstream vehicles, including sedans and affordable compacts for the mass market. Now the company renamed as Tesla Inc., registered as an American automaker, energy storage company, and solar panel manufacturer based in Palo Alto, California. The company specializes in electric cars, lithium-ion battery energy storage, and, through their SolarCity subsidiary, residential solar panels.

Tesla first gained widespread attention following production of the Roadster, the first mass-produced electric sports car, in February 2008. The company’s second vehicle, the Model S, an electric luxury sedan, debuted in June 2012 and is built at the Tesla Factory in California. The Model S has been the world’s best-selling plug-in electric car for two years in a row, 2015 and 2016. Its global sales achieved the 150,000 unit milestone in November 2016, four years and five months after its introduction. As of December 2016, the Model S ranks as the world’s all-time second best-selling plug-in after the Nissan Leaf. The Model S was then followed in September 2015 by the Model X, a crossover SUV. Tesla’s fourth vehicle that is designed for the mass-market is the Model 3, which was unveiled in March 2016 and its production started in July 2017 with a base price of US$35,000, before any government incentives.

Tesla global sales passed the 200,000 unit milestone in March 2017, making the carmaker the second largest global pure electric car manufacturer. For two years running, 2015 and 2016, Tesla ranked as the world’s second best selling manufacturer of plug-in electric cars after BYD Auto. Musk, the CEO, has said that he envisions Tesla as a technology company and independent automaker, aimed at eventually offering electric cars at prices affordable to the average consumer.

Tesla is named after a Serbian electrical engineer and physicist, Nikola Tesla. The Tesla Roadster uses an AC motor descended directly from Nikola Tesla’s original 1882 design. The Roadster, the company’s first vehicle, was the first production automobile to use lithium-ion battery cells and the first production EV with a range greater than 200 mi (320 km) per charge. Between 2008 and March 2012, Tesla sold more than 2,250 Roadsters in 31 countries. In December 2012, Tesla employed almost 3,000 full-time employees. By December 31, 2015, this number had grown to 13,058 employees, and to over 30,000 (of which 25,000 in US) after acquiring Grohmann and SolarCity in late 2016.

Global sales of the Model S achieved the 150,000 unit milestone in November 2016, just eleven months after passing the 100,000 unit mark. As of November 2016, the Model S ranks as the world’s second-best-selling plug-in electric car in history.

Could electric cars be introduced in Pakistan as well?
Electric cars require charging stations. Unless there are enough charging stations across the country, like petrol pumps, consumers cannot feel comfortable enough to purchase an e-car. With load shedding a norm in the country, the existence of charging stations cannot be enough either.
Even if investment in setting up the infrastructure (perhaps even in greater renewable energy) is made, and consumers can get behind adapting the technology in terms of its unique functioning, there will remain the matter of price. Will the new electric cars that may be introduced meet a price point advantage over traditional cars? It seems unlikely.
However electric cars can bring the import bill down considerably in Pakistan as oil imports continue to overpower the current account. These cars also run on a single electrical motor, not requiring additional costs of oiling and other costs associated to the engine. The long term advantages of electric cars are many, but the investment required for these cars to kick off in the market are significant, both on the part of manufacturers and the government. Will Pakistan see a rise in electric cars over the next five years? Only time will tell.

Exclusive written by Anwar Iqbal for AutoMark Magazine; published in Automark’s November-2017 printed edition

Honda says fuel from Shell, Total, PSO harms engines in Pakistan

(Reuters) – Pakistan’s state oil and gas regulator said on Thursday it would investigate a complaint that fuel suppliers including local units of Shell (RDSa.L) and Total (TOTF.PA) as well as Pakistan State Oil (PSO) (PSO.KA) had added manganese to their gasoline.
Honda Motor Co’s Pakistan subsidiary, Honda Atlas Cars (Pakistan) Ltd. (HATC.KA), filed the complaint, saying the additive appeared to be damaging engines in its vehicles.
Manganese can be added to fuel to make it appear to be of a higher quality but it can reduce fuel economy and potentially harm public health due to emissions.
Honda’s complaint states Pakistani suppliers used the additive to elevate the Research Octane Number (RON) used to grade petroleum and lower quality fuel up to the RON 92 grade required by regulatory standards.
“We have received a complaint from Honda, and the relevant department will look into the issue,” said Imran Ghaznavi, a spokesman for the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA).
The Honda complaint, a copy of which was seen by Reuters, said tests found dangerous levels of manganese in fuel samples from Shell Pakistan Ltd, Total Parco Pakistan Ltd and Pakistan State Oil Company Ltd.
The tests showed levels of manganese of up to 53 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), while the additive is deemed at a “danger level” at 24 mg/kg, the Honda complaint said.
A spokesman for PSO said the company’s “products fully adhere to official specifications laid out by the Ministry of Energy” and all products were tested before being released to the market.
“Products below official standards are rejected and returned,” company spokesman Imran Rana told Reuters.
Officials from Shell in Pakistan and London had no immediate comment. Total officials could not immediately be reached.
Ilyas Fazil, head of Pakistan’s Oil Companies Advisory Council, said on Thursday he had not heard of manganese additives being a problem in the industry.
“Other refineries are producing 90 RON, which is slightly lower than 92…pure 92 RON, that is imported,” he said.
Pakistan’s petroleum sales have spiked in the past two years, rising 10 percent between 2015 and 2017 and continued growth is expected as Chinese-backed development projects spur the transportation and automotive sectors.
A senior industry official said Toyota Pakistan had not experienced the same issues with their engines but said the company was concerned about high manganese levels in petroleum.
“Now that Honda has formally complained they may also follow suit,” the official who asked not to be identified told Reuters.

Source: Reuters

Billions lost in taxes due to used cars import halted

Since last year there had been some sort of instant growth in the car import sector, a lot of people took interest in it and thousands if not hundreds of people joined this business as well people enjoyed receiving a wide variety of cars with luxuries which the local market failed to offer.
However due to this recent amendment in the SRO 1067 issued by the Ministry of Commerce it has made the import harder if not significantly expensive.
Sources have reported, there are over 15,000 used second hand vehicles on the port of japan and 3000 are on the sea route to Pakistan. This scheme has brought a major loss for all the Pakistani car importers what once had become one of the fastest growing businesses in Pakistan. Not only has made it hard for importers here, car dealers in Japan are also in great difficulty because of this SRO. This amendment will make imported cars even more expensive as if they weren’t already inaccessible. It will stop all the current revenue inflows.

The SRO states that all vehicles that are imported either they are new or used to be imported under personal baggage or gift scheme, the import duty and other taxes on the vehicle must be paid through foreign exchange. This means now whoever imports a vehicle to Pakistan will have to arrange from foreign exchange or Pakistani nationals themselves supported by bank encashment certificate showing foreign currency changed to local currency.
A person importing their vehicle personally will not face that big of a problem they might be able to arrange it through relatives who live in foreign countries or such, But for Importers who do this out of a business perspective and import several cars at once how are they supposed to arrange thousands of dollars’ worth of cash.

It is also not understandable for a normal citizen as to why they would make this amendment since one was released already just a year ago in March 2016 and it also generates 60 to 70 billion rupees of revenue annually.

In a latest development Chairman APMDA met up with the Government officials in Islamabad to try and resolve this issue. What they have requested is to shift the date of amendment to 31st DEC 2017 so the consignments in between right now worrying dealers here and in foreign are cleared.
Hopefully we will get a more friendly policy from the Government!

by Ali Athar for AutoMark Magazine

Future of Electric Vehicles in Pakistan Science Ministry gives wake-up call to auto players

In a country where decades-old models still rule the roads and the relevant ministries and the assemblers lack any vision – the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) has given a wake-up call to the assemblers and their vendors to take initiative for “engineering foresight.”

The Science Ministry has asked the auto stakeholders to gear up for new challenges especially electric vehicle (EV). Various countries including India have already unveiled their plans about introduction of EV.

In this connection the Ministry held a meeting with the assemblers and vendors and universities in the second week of September and shared a “draft technology foresight report on auto sector” seeking their input.

Plying of electric vehicles on the roads of Pakistan appears a remote possibility at least for next 30-40 years when Pak Suzuki Motor Company, which enjoys over 50 per cent market share, still rolling out at least two to three decades old Mehran, Ravi and Bolan. But these old vehicles based on obsolete engine technologies have to be phased out.

At least consumers have enjoyed an experience of driving hybrid vehicles thanks to the government of allowing used car imports of three years’ old model under various schemes.

Technology Foresight (TF) 2017-2025 in this environment is challenging, especially when the automotive industry is in transition facing challenges daily of revolutionary technologies shaping and de-shaping. TF can also be described in a systematic approach in which various methodologies and techniques are combined in order to create a better preparedness for the future.

The Chinese government has tremendous impetus on electric vehicle deployment. It has not given any deadline but it has 40 per cent electric vehicle currently.
The targeted date for introducing electric vehicles by India, Germany and Sweden is 2030 followed by 2040 by the Netherlands and Britain.

Apart from the fact that the volumes are low in Pakistan but there is a need to start working on the capacity building of the institutions so that in future the country is well placed in adopting the evident new technology of electric vehicle and have human resource to cope with the challenges of the technology, the ministry said.

The Science Ministry feels that when the EV technology would be available it would just not impact on automotive sector but it would affect the power utility industry, petroleum Industry, construction/building industry for providing charging facilities, urban transportation etc.

EV offers zero tail pipe emission and reduction in noise, which is the most desirable scenario for growing urban centres all over the world, the ministry said.

The commonly used electric vehicles include BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle), PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), and FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle). The global sales of electric vehicles (BEV+PHEV) have crossed 2 million. China has taken the lead in electrification of vehicles. BEVs are well ahead of PHEVs in numbers.

There are now about one billion cars on the road, almost all powered by fossil fuels. These cars will progressively diminish; more slowly in the developing countries.

However, the batteries are getting better and better with more energy density and the prices are decreasing. It is predicted that by 2025 the cost of total ownership of an EV will equal that of an ICE vehicle at current technology level.

The Ministry said there is a lot of hype about EV in the world and Pakistanis are getting affected by it. However, Pakistan is not a major pollutant, so there should not be any undue hurry to go electric, beside if we replace the tail pipe emissions by chimney emission, it would help no body. Unless we replace our high fossil fuel based energy mix substantially by renewable energy (nuclear is frightening) we should not race forward, but move towards it in a pragmatic manner, the ministry added.

Pakistan will surely, however, traverse the path of EV, whether later or earlier, and the government will have to carry out the following activities like invest in making charging infrastructure widely available. This can be done in partnership with auto makers who want to sell EVs. Assess the effects of EV on national grid to avoid any mishap, subsidise the cost of EV. China subsidies by as much as 60 per cent. Incentivize investment in motor and power electronics. Batteries cannot be economically made at current technology levels for our expected enhanced volumes over 10 years. This will, however, eventually happen as technology improves as well as our auto volumes do. Train manpower in alternate skills to create employment. As a first step pure EV can be introduced in public transport/last mile transport and delivery trucks.

The world is moving towards Hybrid, Electric and Hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) vehicles. In the next fifteen years, the world will witness a plethora of Hybrid, Electric as well as some HFC vehicles. Still EVs only make up 0.2pc of total passenger vehicles in circulation in 2016. China accounted for 40pc of EVs sold and is by far the global leader in EVs.

The Ministry said an argument can be made that in Pakistan, the fossil fuel vehicle will continue for a longer period, especially in the lower strata, due to lower cost. It is estimated that cost of battery, which forms about half the cost of an electric vehicle, will in 12-15 years, reduce to an extent that the total ownership cost of EV will equal a fossil fuel vehicle. Even in China, where EVs are being pushed, fossil fuel vehicles will be around for at least 15 years. India has announced its aspiration to go all electric by 2030, but it is doubted by world bodies, as to transition to EV will require political and economic bandwidth besides home grown EV makers as well. Fossil fuel vehicles are likely to continue in the world beyond two decades.

A local car / LCV manufacturer in this transition period will be challenged to produce a small fossil fuel vehicle say 600-800cc with an outlook for 20 years, and at an appropriate time tie up with an EV manufacturer to co-develop an EV appropriate for our market. This activity requires deep pockets and extra ordinary support by the government.

Technology requirement is globally raised by an automaker (OEMs) to meet a market need or enhance competitiveness. The R&D must be carried out with the firm or in a University or by an auto part maker (APM), in conjunction with the OEM.

As in Pakistan there is no local auto maker, the R&D is carried out back home by the foreign partner and the local OEM and the APMs all make to print, having been provided the design, drawing, technical data and standards. Additionally technical support through technical man power, training and visits is provided. However design parameters and testing details & procedures are not provided, so technology is not wholly transferred.
Pakistan’s automotive industry had its beginning soon after the birth of the country. It did not inherit anything in the automotive field and little else in other industrial sectors too. General Motors started assembly of Bedford trucks in 1949 from semi knocked down kits. They later became Ghandhara Motor and introduced CBU Vauxhall cars, whilst indigenization of Bedford trucks continued steadily. Even an engine Assembly Plant for the truck called Bela engineers, was set up as separate company in the beginning of 70’s.

In the 60’s American Motors Jeep began to be progressively manufactured, but car manufacturing came into its own only when Suzuki tied up with Pakistan Automobile Corporation (PACO) and in early 80’s the first Suzuki FX and then Mehran was rolled out, followed later by Toyota and Honda in early 90’s. Nissan came in the same decade but played a very short innings. Chevorlet came and went at about the same time, with its Daewoo’s small car, Matiz, Hyundai LCVs came later, as well as their Santro car. The LCV became very popular but due to dispute within the sponsoring family could not sustain. KIA also came and went as a shooting star because the local sponsors ran into problems with the government.

Pakistan has had many false starts in indigenous manufacturing of Vehicles. In late 70’s Pakistan produced the first indigenous 4×4 vehicles called Nishan based on American Motors Jeep being manufactured by Naya Daur Motors. This was led by the armed forces at the behest of the head of government. The project had a very short life. In 80’s the first local LCV called Proficient based on Suzuki Pick up, was launched, in the 90’s the first local truck Yasoob came and later in the first decade of the century a local car REVO was introduced as well as Zabardast truck and Zabardast 4×4. The LCV and the car plus the Zabardast brand of vehicles, died because of paucity of working capital whilst the truck was killed by the armed forces, who had helped give it birth.

In 2007, the Auto Industry Development Programme (AIDP) was introduced to encourage local assemblers/ vendors / new investors to make medium to long term decisions to develop critical components and acquire technology transfer. AIDP aimed to facilitate the auto industry a safe transition from deletion programmes, not allowed under TRIMS to the Tariff Based System (TBS) environment and also assist in planned expansion of the capacity of OEMs and vendors, achieve competitiveness, encourage technology enhancement, and achieve further localization and possible integration with the global value chain. However, AIDP did not yield desired results due to lack of implementation in letter and spirit. Some of the salient reasons were lack of government funds to meet the programme parameters, as Technology Assistance Funds, HR development funds, machinery funding were not provided. As many as 49 fiscal interventions were made during the period inducing uncertainty. Conditions laid down for new investors in new investor’s policy were not attractive. The suggested tariff rates in the plan were not implemented on one pretext or another.

In 2016, the PML-N government came out with Auto Development Policy 2016-2021 envisaging development plans for the auto sector to facilitate higher volumes, attract investment, ensure a level playing field for competition and offer higher quality in-line with emerging opportunities within the country and in the region.

The policy was discriminatory against the existing OEMs in the country and did not offer anything to auto parts makers. The provision of Funds for Technology Assistance and HR development were also withdrawn. The policy provides consistency and predictability for new investors with a mid-term policy review mechanism to cater to emerging developments to increase production of automotives by 2021.
The Ministry of Science feels that the localization levels in cars and LCVs, motorcycles and tractors are satisfactory at the volumes that they are being produced. In the buses and trucks localization is low because very low volumes are produced. Similarly in case of SUVs the volume is low and thus the localization is low as well.

Because the models of cars change every five years volume are critical to increase localization. With each change in model beside the design, the technology is changed as well, which requires substantial investments of billions of rupees. In tractors and motorcycles as models do not change radically if at all, thus more localization is possible due to higher volumes.

The Ministry said there are not enough Technical Assistance Agreements (TAAs) or Joint Ventures (JVs). There is a need to do much more in auto part making. The technical fees and royalties that we pay are a fraction of what Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and India pays. Even that is taxed by provincial and federal tax authorities.

There is no indigenous vehicle manufacturer in Pakistan. Some attempts were made in the past as by Nishan (Late 70s) Proficient (mid 80s), Trans mobile (early 90s) and Adam Motors (mid 90s), but for various reasons could not be sustained.

This exclusive article published in Monthly Automark magazine’s October-2017 printed edition